This coenzyme is produced naturally in the body, and small amounts can also be obtained through food, but its levels decline with age. Certain medications, such as statins—drugs used to lower blood cholesterol levels—can negatively impact its synthesis. Reduced levels of coenzyme Q10 are associated with a range of health conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. We provide an overview of some studies that have shown the beneficial effects of coenzyme Q10 on overall health. 
What has made coenzyme Q10 well-known is undoubtedly its role in improving heart health. Research has shown that it can lower blood pressure, enhance circulation, and reduce the risk of heart disease. One study published in Molecular Aspects of Medicine revealed that coenzyme Q10 supplementation reduces the risk of heart failure in patients with heart conditions by as much as 44%.
Coenzyme Q10 also plays a role in managing diabetes. It helps improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, which can aid in controlling blood sugar levels. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism found that supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Many studies have aimed to demonstrate why coenzyme Q10 is beneficial to the human body. Another area where Q10 has shown promise is in contributing to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases. Research published in the Journal of the Neurological Sciences found that supplementation with this coenzyme alleviates symptoms and slows the progression of Parkinson’s disease.
Coenzyme Q10 has also been found to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help protect the body from free radicals. It is also credited with contributing to skin health and reducing signs of aging. The British Journal of Dermatology published a study indicating that Q10 “delays” the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, making it a popular ingredient in the cosmetic industry.
The most common symptom of coenzyme Q10 deficiency is feelings of fatigue and weakness, as coenzyme Q10 is crucial for energy production within cells. Its deficiency can cause feelings of exhaustion. Other symptoms that may appear include:
It is important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other factors, and a deficiency in Q10 does not always have to be the cause. 
Coenzyme Q10 is available in supplement form in doses ranging from 30 to 600 milligrams per capsule. While there is no globally accepted recommended daily intake limit, in Croatia, the maximum permissible amount is considered to be 200 mg per day. However, the daily dose varies depending on the individual and the specific issue being addressed through supplementation. For example, some studies related to heart health have used daily doses ranging from 100 to 400 mg, while for neurodegenerative diseases (such as Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), doses ranging from 600 to 3000 mg have been used. The optimal dose should be determined by a healthcare provider, tailored to the patient’s needs. Although coenzyme Q10 is a relatively well-known nutrient, further research is needed to fully understand what coenzyme Q10 is, its potential health benefits, and to establish the optimal dosage for various health conditions. Additionally, despite coenzyme Q10 being generally considered a safe supplement, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting supplementation, especially if you are taking other medications.
Langsjoen PH, Langsjoen AM, Langsjoen PH, et al. Usefulness of coenzyme Q10 in clinical cardiology: a long-term study. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 2004;25(1):39-43.
Kishimoto Y, Kishimoto C, Hirano T, et al. Effects of coenzyme Q10 on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2007;92(9):3540
Mischley LK, Allen J, Bradley R. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency in patients with Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Sci. 2012 Jul 15;318(1-2):72-5 Foto: Canva
